Composting: Benefits & How-To
Composting is nature’s way to recycle.
Composting is simply the slow, natural decomposition of organics. Composting at home is the controlled and faster decomposition of organics such as yard trimmings and food waste that you and your family generate. Microorganisms break down this material into compost – a nutrient-rich product that can be used as a soil amendment in yards, gardens, flower beds and potted plants.
The Benefits of at home Composting
- Compost reduces the amount of waste a household generates.
- Compost reduces or eliminates chemical fertilizer and pesticide use.
- Compost improves soil by increasing aeration (the ability of air to circulate) and water-holding capacity (reducing your need to water) as well as helping plants absorb nutrients.
- Compost also helps suppress plant diseases and pests.
- Composting at home can save you money.
- Composting is rich in nutrients and can be used in your garden, on your lawn or in your flower beds
The Compost Recipe
Four basic ingredients are required for backyard composting: 1) browns; 2) greens; 3) air; and 4) water.
Mixing the right amounts of these ingredients will provide the composting microorganisms with enough carbon and nitrogen as well as oxygen and moisture to break down the material into finished compost.
Recipes vary. A common mix is three parts browns to one-part greens. Other variables in making compost include pile size, content, particle size, turning frequency, moisture and temperature. Getting the right proportions may take time and adjustments, but don’t get bogged down on the recipe.
CAN BE COMPOSTED: | CAN BE COMPOSTED | SHOULD NOT BE COMPOSTED |
Fruits and Vegetables | Shredded Newspaper | Black Walnut Tree Leaves or Twigs |
Eggshells | Cardboard | Coal or Charcoal Ash |
Coffee Grounds and Filters | Brown Paper (e.g., napkins, paper towels) | Dairy Products |
Tea Bags | Yard Trimmings | Eggs (shells are OK) |
Nut Shells | Dead Grass Clippings, Leaves and Twigs | Diseased or Insect-Ridden Plants |
Fresh Grass Clippings | Hay and Straw | Fats, Grease, Lard or Oils |
House Plants | Sawdust and Pencil Shavings | Meats or Bones |
Dryer and Vacuum Lint | Wood Chips and Mulch | Fish Bones or Scraps |
Hair and Fur | Cotton and Wool Rags | Pet Waste |
Fireplace Ashes | Treated Paper Products
Plastics, Metals or Glass Chemical Products |